Biogeography-based optimization with covariance matrix based migration

Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) is a new evolutionary algorithm. The major problem of basic BBO is that its migration operator is rotationally variant, which leaves BBO performing poorly in non-separable problems. To overcome this drawback of BBO, in this paper, we propose the covariance matrix based migration (CMM) to relieve BBO’s dependence upon the coordinate system so that BBO’s rotational invariance is enhanced. By embedding the CMM into BBO, we put forward a new BBO approach, namely biogeography-based optimization with covariance matrix based migration, called CMM-BBO. Specifically, CMM-BBO algorithms are developed by the CMM operator being randomly combined with the original migration in various existing BBO variants. Numeric simulations on 37 benchmark functions show that our CMM-BBO approach effectively improves the performance of the existing BBO algorithms. Keyword: biogeography-based optimization; covariance matrix based migration; global numeric optimization; evolutionary algorithm; rotational invariance